Thumb pain can be a frustrating and limiting condition, especially when it affects everyday activities like gripping, writing, or even simple tasks like buttoning a shirt. One common cause of thumb pain is Carpometacarpal Osteoarthritis (CMCOA), a degenerative joint disease that affects the base of the thumb. Let’s explore what CMCOA is, its symptoms, and how it can be managed.
What is CMCOA?
Carpometacarpal Osteoarthritis (CMCOA), also known as basal joint arthritis, is a form of osteoarthritis that affects the joint at the base of the thumb where it meets the wrist. This joint, called the carpometacarpal (CMC) joint, is crucial for thumb movement and dexterity.
Causes of CMCOA:
The exact cause of CMCOA is not fully understood, but several factors may contribute to its development. These include age-related wear and tear, genetic predisposition, joint instability, and repetitive use or overuse of the thumb.
Symptoms of CMCOA:
Individuals with CMCOA may experience a range of symptoms, including:
- Pain and tenderness at the base of the thumb, particularly during activities that involve gripping or pinching.
- Swelling and stiffness in the thumb joint.
- Weakness and decreased range of motion, making it difficult to perform tasks that require thumb movement.
- Development of bony nodules or bumps around the joint.
Management and Treatment:
While CMCOA is a chronic condition that cannot be cured, there are several treatment options available to manage symptoms and improve function:
- Rest and Activity Modification: Avoiding activities that exacerbate thumb pain and modifying hand movements can help reduce stress on the affected joint.
- Splinting: Wearing a splint to immobilise or a brace to support the thumb joint can provide support and relieve pain during activities.
- Medications: Over-the-counter pain relievers like acetaminophen or nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) may help alleviate pain and inflammation.
- Therapy: Hand therapist can assist with splinting and prescribe exercises that can improve thumb strength, flexibility, and range of motion. They can also work with you create adaptive techniques to assist with daily tasks.
- Injections: Corticosteroid injections into the thumb joint can provide temporary relief from pain and inflammation.
- Surgery: In severe cases where conservative treatments fail to provide relief, surgical options such as joint fusion or joint reconstruction may be considered to alleviate pain and improve function.
CMCOA can significantly impact hand function and quality of life, but with proper management and treatment, individuals can find relief from symptoms and maintain functionality. Early diagnosis and intervention are key to preventing further joint damage and preserving thumb function.
If you’re experiencing persistent thumb pain or other symptoms suggestive of CMCOA, one of our experienced hand therapists can help you obtain an accurate diagnosis and create a personalised treatment plan. With the right approach, you can effectively manage CMCOA and continue to engage in activities that bring joy and fulfillment to your life.
